By Frazer Rice
People who invested capital gains in a Qualified Opportunity Fund (QOF) were allowed to postpone paying tax on those gains. But that delay ends on December 31, 2026.
On that date, investors generally must report the delayed gain on their tax return—even if they have not sold their QOF investment or received any cash from it. However, most investors don’t realize they have options in measuring their gain that can have a material impact on their ultimate tax bill.
The Opportunity Zone (OZ) tax law states that investors’ deferred gain is calculated as the lower of two numbers:
This matters because owning part of a private fund is not the same as owning cash or publicly traded stock. An investor often cannot easily sell the interest, force the fund to sell its properties, or demand a payout.
Because of those limits, a professional appraiser may conclude that the investor’s fair market value is worth less than its stated Net Asset Value. This is not dissimilar to the discounts that professional appraisers use for estate planning purposes.
Suppose an investor deferred a $5 million capital gain by investing it in a QOF.
By the end of 2026, the investor’s share of the fund’s assets appears to be worth $5.75 million. However, an independent appraiser determines that the investor’s actual interest is worth $4.025 million because it is difficult to sell and provides limited control.
|
Without Appraisal |
With Appraisal |
|
|
Deferred gain |
$5,000,000 |
$5,000,000 |
|
Value used for tax calculation |
$5,000,000 |
$4,025,000 |
|
10% reduction for holding period |
−$500,000 |
−$500,000 |
|
Taxable amount |
$4,500,000 |
$3,525,000 |
|
Federal tax at 23.8% |
$1,071,000 |
$838,950 |
In this example, the appraisal reduces the federal tax bill by about $232,000.
A QOF investor should not automatically assume the full original gain will be taxed in 2026. A qualified, independent appraisal may support a lower taxable value for an ownership interest that is hard to sell and does not give the investor control over the fund.
The appraisal must be properly prepared and dated as of December 31, 2026. Investors should discuss this issue well before year-end with their tax adviser, legal counsel, and a qualified valuation professional.
This is an educational summary, not tax or legal advice. Adapted from the provided article.
Sources:
Tax Notes Federal, Vol. 192, July 20, 2026 — "Qualified Appraisals May Save QOF Investors Millions From Deemed Realization," pp. 415–420.
Falcon Rappaport & Berkman LLP https://www.linkedin.com/posts/frblaw_qualified-appraisals-may-save-qof-investors-activity-7487575234930446338-iHmP/
Frazer Rice is Director of Family Office Services and a Partner at Next Vantage, the Family Office Services group of Next Capital Management in New York City, where he has spent more than two decades advising families navigating exceptional financial complexity.
This summary is for educational purposes only and is not tax or legal advice.
Any hypothetical scenarios referenced in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not reflect an actual client. Actual results will vary based on individual circumstances, tax rates, business performance, and transaction terms.
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